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2026 Vol.27, Issue 4 Preview Page
Three-Dimensional Finite Element Analysis and Evaluation of a BNWF-Based Pseudo-Static Approach for the Seismic Response of Pile Foundations in Sand

사질토 지반에서의 말뚝기초 지진응답에 대한 3차원 유한요소해석과 BNWF 기반 유사정적해석 평가

Kichun Park1
,
Duhee Park2
,
Yonggook Lee3*
박 기천1
,
박 두희2
,
이 용국3*
1Ph.D. Candidate, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Hanyang University
2Professor, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Hanyang University
3Postdoc Researcher, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Hanyang University
*Corresponding Author
1 April 2026. pp. 55-63
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Abstract

In this study, the performance of the pseudo-static method is evaluated through a comparative investigation against three-dimensional (3D) nonlinear dynamic finite element (FE) analyses. Because the pseudo-static framework considers inertial interaction only, it does not account for kinematic interaction or the coupled axial and lateral response that can develop along the soil-pile interface. The 3D nonlinear dynamic FE model is validated by comparison with centrifuge test measurements. The adopted nonlinear soil constitutive model is shown to reproduce the measured response with good agreement, including the peak soil reaction and the bending-moment profile. The p-y curve extracted from the 3D dynamic FE analysis exhibits a peak soil reaction approximately six times larger than that of the API curve used in the pseudo-static analyses. When the API curve is employed, the pseudo-static analysis yields peak bending moments that differ from the centrifuge measurements by up to 70 %. These findings indicate that the API-based pseudo-static approach can substantially underestimate the soil resistance and should be used with caution unless appropriate modifications are introduced.

Keywords
Dynamic analysis
Finite element method
Pile foundation
Pseudo-static analysis
p-y curve

본 연구에서는 유사정적 방법의 성능을 평가하기 위해 3차원 동적 비선형 유한요소해석을 수행하여 결과를 비교하였다. 유사정적 방법은 관성 상호작용만을 고려하기 때문에, 운동학적 상호작용과 말뚝-지반 경계면에서의 축방향과 횡방향 응답의 상호작용을 고려하지 않는 한계점이 있다. 3차원 동적해석모델은 원심모형시험 계측값과의 비교를 통해 검증하였다. 적용한 비선형 지반 구성모델이 계측된 응답의 최대 지반 반력과 깊이에 따른 모멘트를 유사하게 예측하는 것으로 나타났다. 3차원 동적해석 모델에서 도출한 p-y 곡선은 유사정적 해석에서 사용한 API 곡선의 최대 지반 반력의 6배 큰 것으로 나타났다. API 곡선을 사용한 유사정적해석의 경우 최대 휨모멘트를 계측값과 비교하면 최대 70 %의 차이를 보였다. 이러한 결과는 API 기반 유사정적 방법이 지반 반력을 크게 과소평가할 수 있음을 시사하며, 적절한 보정이 수반되지 않는 경우 적용에 주의가 필요하다.

키워드
동적해석
유한요소법
말뚝기초
유사정적해석
p-y 곡선
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Information
  • Publisher :Korean Geo-Environmental Society
  • Publisher(Ko) :한국지반환경공학회
  • Journal Title :Journal of the Korean Geo-Environmental Society
  • Journal Title(Ko) :한국지반환경공학회 논문집
  • Volume : 27
  • No :4
  • Pages :55-63
  • Received Date : 2026-03-10
  • Revised Date : 2026-03-12
  • Accepted Date : 2026-03-16
  • DOI :https://doi.org/10.14481/jkges.2026.27.4.55
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