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2026 Vol.27, Issue 2 Preview Page
Applicability of Simplified Liquefaction Assessment Methods Examined Using Effective-Stress Analysis

유효응력해석을 활용한 액상화 간편예측법의 적용성 분석

Sunwo Hyun1
,
Seokho Jeong2*
현 선우1
,
정 석호2*
1Graduate Student, Department of Civil Engineering, Changwon National University
2Associate Professor, Department of Civil Engineering, Changwon National University
*Corresponding Author
1 February 2026. pp. 19-32
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Abstract

Liquefaction induced ground failures observed during the 2017 Pohang earthquake have raised concerns about liquefaction hazard in Korea. However, the widely used simplified liquefaction evaluation method relies on empirical correlations, necessitating validation for domestic soil conditions. This study compares the simplified method with effective stress analysis in the Nakdong River Delta, assuming a Mw 6.2 scenario earthquake on the Dongnae Fault. Effective stress analysis was performed using the PDMY02 model in OpenSeesPy, incorporating dynamic properties derived directly from cyclic triaxial tests on Nakdong River sand. The results indicate that the simplified method tends to overestimate or underestimate risk by failing to account for the progressive accumulation of excess pore water pressure. Furthermore, analysis using lab-calibrated parameters predicted more localized liquefaction zones. In contrast, models using the OpenSees Wiki reference parameter set tended to overestimate liquefaction potential. These findings suggest that accurate liquefaction assessment in Korea requires effective stress analysis incorporating site-specific laboratory data.

Keywords
Liquefaction
Ground motion
Site response analysis
Effective stress analysis
Seismic hazard

2017년 포항지진에서 액상화가 관측되면서 국내 지반 안정성에 대한 우려가 커졌다. 그러나 실무에서 널리 사용되는 액상화 평가 간편법은 경험적 상관관계에 기반하므로, 국내 지반 조건에 대한 적용성 분석이 필요하다. 본 연구는 낙동강 삼각주 지역의 대표 지점을 선정하여 유효응력 해석법을 활용한 액상화 평가를 실시하고, 그 결과를 현행 간편법과 비교·분석하였다. 액상화 평가를 위해 동래단층 상에 규모 6.2의 가상 지진 시나리오를 가정하고, 광대역 하이브리드 지반운동 시뮬레이션을 통해 입력 지반운동을 생성하였다. 유효응력 해석은 OpenSeesPy의 PDMY02 재료모델을 활용하였으며, 특히 낙동강사에 대한 반복삼축압축 시험을 직접 수행하여 산정된 동적 물성치를 해석에 반영하였다. 연구 결과, 간편법은 지진 지속시간 동안의 과잉간극수압 축적 양상을 고려하지 못해 유효응력 해석 대비 위험도를 과대 또는 과소평가하는 경향이 나타났다. 또한, 실내 실험 값을 반영한 유효응력 해석은 문헌값을 적용했을 때보다 액상화 발생 범위를 더 국부적으로 예측하였으며, 문헌값 적용 결과가 액상화 위험도를 다소 과대평가하는 경향이 있음을 확인하였다. 본 연구 결과는 국내 지반 조건에 적합한 액상화 평가를 위해서는 간편법에만 의존하기보다, 현장 시료를 이용한 실내 실험을 통해 지반의 동적 특성을 파악하고 이를 반영한 유효응력 해석을 병행할 필요가 있음을 시사한다.

키워드
액상화
지반운동
유효응력 해석
지반응답 해석
지진재해
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Information
  • Publisher :Korean Geo-Environmental Society
  • Publisher(Ko) :한국지반환경공학회
  • Journal Title :Journal of the Korean Geo-Environmental Society
  • Journal Title(Ko) :한국지반환경공학회 논문집
  • Volume : 27
  • No :2
  • Pages :19-32
  • Received Date : 2026-01-05
  • Revised Date : 2026-01-07
  • Accepted Date : 2026-01-19
  • DOI :https://doi.org/10.14481/jkges.2026.27.2.19
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